Osteoporosis is one of the most common bone health conditions affecting women worldwide, particularly after menopause. It occurs when bone mass decreases, making bones fragile and more prone to fractures. While men can also be affected, women face significantly higher risks due to hormonal changes.
Dr. Ashwin Shetty, consultant in obstetrics and gynaecology at Sir H.N. Reliance Foundation Hospital, highlights why women are at greater risk and shares eight important facts about osteoporosis, its causes, and preventive steps.
What is osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a progressive condition where bones lose density and strength, increasing the chances of fractures. It is often called a “silent disease” because symptoms are usually not noticeable until a fracture occurs.
Why women are more vulnerable
Women face a rapid decline in estrogen levels during and after menopause. Estrogen plays a vital role in maintaining bone density by regulating bone resorption. When estrogen levels fall, bone breakdown happens faster than bone formation, leading to brittle bones.
8 facts about osteoporosis in women:
- Estrogen’s role in bone health – Estrogen helps preserve normal bone density. Its reduction after menopause accelerates bone loss.
- Severe bone loss after menopause – Women may lose up to 20% of bone mass within the first 5–7 years after menopause, greatly increasing fracture risk.
- Common fracture sites – The spine, hips, and wrists are the most vulnerable areas for post-menopausal fractures.
- Other risk factors – Genetics, low body weight, poor diet lacking calcium and vitamin D, smoking, alcohol use, and lack of exercise contribute to osteoporosis.
- Silent progression – Osteoporosis often goes undetected until a fracture occurs, making early detection essential.
- Importance of screening – Bone Mineral Density tests (DEXA scans) are recommended for women by age 50, or earlier if risk factors are present.
- Preventive lifestyle habits – Regular weight-bearing exercises like walking, strength training, and a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D help reduce risk. Avoiding smoking and alcohol also makes a difference.
- Treatment options available – Certain medications can slow bone loss or promote new bone growth in high-risk women.
Takeaway
Osteoporosis in women is preventable and manageable with early screening, lifestyle changes, and medical intervention. Focusing on bone health before and after menopause can significantly reduce the risk of fractures and maintain overall well-being.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and should not replace medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.